Last year, reports about the slow performance of older iPhone models broke out, prompting speculations and conspiracy theories about the sudden changes. Reddit users first highlighted the speed problem, contemplating about its possible causes.

Apps take longer than usual to load, and speakers are less loud. Other observable changes include lower frame rates while scrolling, backlight dimming. Apps refreshing in the background require reloading upon launch, and in extreme cases, camera flash will be disabled as visible in the camera UI.

Some changes may not be noticeable for some users, but the furore has brought the issue to the fore, fueling a plethora of misinformation and accusations. Many theorize that the tech giant itself is largely involved, that the move to slow down the performance of older iPhone models is deliberate.

Some even go as far as saying that the motive is to convince users to switch to newer iPhone models. The uproar is understandable since Apple prides itself in providing the best user experience.

Indeed, it is a murky business of pure speculations and diverse claims, but what do the tech experts say? We have asked more than a dozen leading specialists about their opinions. Read on if you want to know whether Apple deliberately slowed down the performance of older iPhones.

After you finish reading, you can form your own judgment and make up your own mind. Keeping yourself updated about the happenings in the world of technology can enlighten you about pressing issues you experience yourself and avoid the unnecessary jumping to conclusions.

Jeffrey Mincey, Bohemian Boomer

  “Yes, Apple has admitted to slowing down certain older iPhones to prevent performance issues as batteries aged. Apple did the right thing but should have been more open and transparent about the change. Any consideration of Apple ‘throttling’ iPhones to give customers an incentive to upgrade goes against Apple’s history of making iOS upgrades available on many older models; far more than Android OS. Think about what those upgrades mean to customers.”

About Jeffrey Mincey

Jeffrey Mincey’s passion is his family and the Mac. Sometimes forgetting which comes first, he makes a living using the Mac and PCs which helps his family do all that they love. That is why he together with his wife, Jesse, created Bohemian Boomer

For five years Jeffrey has been a staff writer for the popular Mac review site, Mac360. That association has given him a wonderful opportunity to review the best (and worst) of Mac applications

Benny Ling, Apple Talk

“Apple definitely slowed down older iPhones, saying as much in a series of public statements and support articles published to customers. From what I’ve read, it seems they slowed down older iPhones with chemically-aged batteries for the right reasons, even if they went about it the wrong way. Whether you think slower devices is better than the ones which operate at full performance but have a chance to shut down unexpectedly is up to you, which is probably why Apple will release iOS 11.3 in the not-too-distant future allowing iPhone owners to choose between the two.”

About Benny Ling

Benny is a Mac and PC enthusiast, uber-geek extraordinaire, all-around nice guy, keyboard warrior, and most definitely an introvert. He used to write for a little site called MacTalk, as well as a similar site called NZMac. Benny now manages and writes for AppleTalk Australia.

David Mark, Loop Insight

“I believe Apple throttled the performance to keep a specific set of iPhones from crashing in a specific set of circumstances. I think their goal was in service of the customer. Slowing down the processor placed less demand on the battery, extending the phone’s life as the battery started to die.” Was this intentional? I believe that is the case. But a better question is, did Apple do this to try to urge a user to buy a new iPhone. I feel certain that was never the case. If Apple was guilty of anything, it was a lack of communication about what they were doing

About David Mark

Dave is an author, developer, and entrepreneur. He’s written more than 30 books, including The Mac Programming Primer series, Ultimate Mac Programming, Learn C on the Mac, and Beginning iPhone Development.

Dave bought his first Mac back in 1984 and has never looked back. He worked at Metrowerks, purveyors of the finest black T-shirts and development tools, helped start MartianCraft, Kiddar, and SpiderWorks.

Ian Fuchs, MacTrast

“If devices showed abnormal battery performance, they may be subject to overall reduced speed to provide a more consistent experience. I believe that Apple had every intention of doing this to provide a more satisfying experience to iPhone owners, but their poor initial communication resulted in a large number of inflammatory comments about the matter. I do not believe this was done in any sort of effort to encourage upgrading, but instead to help extend the life of older phones for those that aren’t ready to upgrade .”

About Ian Fuchs

Ian, Senior Review Editor at MacTrast, has been an Apple enthusiast for years, starting in 2000 with an iMac and iMovie. In college, Ian developed skills and further interest in all things Apple. Ian’s expanding skill set increased his love for Apple’s products. Now the owner of an iPad Air 2, iPad mini, iPhone 6S Plus, Apple TV, MacBook, MacBook Pro, numerous iPods, and a classic G5 Mac Pro, he is “pretty familiar” with Apple’s products. Ian resides in Chicago, works as a Programmer & Systems Analyst at a college, loves his dog more than probably normal, spends most of his free time with his wife and plays various instruments (drums, guitar, piano, trumpet)

Jignesh Padhiyar, iGeeksBlog

“Yes, I believe that Apple deliberately throttled the performance of the older iPhones. But, the tech giant did so to prevent the smartphones from unexpected rebooting and manage power efficiently. It would be absolutely idiotic even to assume that the Cupertino-based company slowed down the older iPhones to force users to upgrade to the newer iPhones. Come on….Apple is too big a brand to even think that! All those who are calling for the heads of the iPhone maker and accusing the company to have cheated upon the users are desperately trying to malign its unparalleled reputation. They are either too jealous or cynic to distinguish between black and white! We wish Apple had been just a bit clearer on the battery slowdown issue—right from the ball one!”

About Jignesh Padhiyar

Endowed with the keen eye and huge passion for sharing info as well as killer hacks that set netizens on frenzy, Jignesh Padhiyar has come to be recognized as a new-age blogger. Mr. Padhiyar’s approach to blogging is beyond the usual lines and entirely rests on what appeals to readers and lateral thoughts.

When he is not exploring the web, discovering the cool tips in apps, you may either find him playing badminton or chess.

Christian Boyce, Christian Boyce

“Yes, I do think that Apple deliberately slowed down the performance of the older iPhones, but they did it to help users, not to chase them into purchasing new iPhones. Older iPhones have older batteries, and older batteries don’t perform the way they did when they were once new. Apple realized that older batteries (under some circumstances— that is, under heavy loads) would not be able to deliver the power needed, so they slowed the phones down— when they thought they had to— in order to keep the phones from shutting down altogether. Apple’s goal with the performance reductions was to extend the lives of older iPhones, not to get people to buy new ones. The fact that Apple has reduced the price of the battery replacement to $29 serves to emphasize the idea that Apple is really, really trying to make it easy for you to stretch the life of your iPhone— and to maintain peak performance.”

About Christian Boyce

Christian Boyce is an iPhone consultant, as well as an author of Mac-related how-to books. He started his business in 1987, three years after the introduction of the original Macintosh computer— and twenty years BEFORE the introduction of the original iPhone. His customers include art departments, designers, small businesses, and individuals wanting to learn how to use their Apple devices better and faster. Mr. Boyce resides in Santa Monica, California.

Adam Rosen, Vintage Mac Museum

“The short answer is no, I don’t think Apple deliberately slows down the performance of older iPhones But the situation is more complicated than that. Each newer iOS version tends to use more resources than its predecessor, which puts a greater strain on the hardware. The same thing happens with desktops and laptops. Without some upgrade to the hardware, a newer OS version will often run pokier than an older version. As the years go on, small changes add up. Apple tries to mitigate these effects by disabling performance throttling features.  And as we’ve learned, old batteries cause problems themselves – with all computing devices.”

About Adam Rosen

Adam Rosen is an IT consultant specializing in Apple Macintosh systems new and old, and curator of the Vintage Mac Museum. He has over 30 years of experience on the platform and lives in Boston with two cats and many Macs. He also enjoys a good libation.

Marty Yawnick, Life in Lofi 

“Not really. Each new iPhone usually gets a significantly faster processor than the previous iPhones. My iPhone 6s Plus – still a pretty beefy device – is glacially slow compared to the speed of the new iPhone X. Personally, I think the problem is that Apple is just too generous with the older devices that each new iOS supports. Just because an OS can run on an older iPhone, doesn’t mean it always should. I think while beta testing iOS upgrades, they should keep real world usage of older devices in mind. If those devices bog down and run slow, the device should not be supported. I really believe that it’s not planned obsolescence. I really believe it’s nothing sinister on the part of Apple. I just think that’s the life cycle of old hardware, whether it’s a computer, and iPad, or an iPhone.”

About Marty Yawnick

Marty Yawnick is the creator and publisher of LifeInLoFi.com, one of the original iPhoneography blogs. He is also a self-employed graphic designer in the Fort Worth/Dallas Metroplex as well as an avid Rangers baseball, Chicago Cubs, Packers and Highbury Arsenal fan. In addition to capturing random moments with whatever camera is close by (usually his iPhone), his other interests include coffee, Pink Floyd, film, music, and traveling in seats 5E and 5F with his fiancé. If you’re wondering where he’s been lately, Marty is currently working on a project about Pink Floyd The Wall, which you can check out at TheWallComplete.com.

Lloyd Chamber, DigLloyd

“One need not over-analyze this issue—it boils down to one this: The most rational approach to a real issue (degraded battery performance over time) is when and how to communicate the solution and when to release the solution. Apple’s mistake was twofold:

(1) It did not clearly announce the aging-battery life issue and effects months before enacting mitigating software changes.

(2) Apple implemented aging battery mitigations before implementing software control over it, so that anyone with time on their hands could just turn it off instead of having a few beers and talking about class-action lawsuits.

With millions of users, software changes are bound to cause problems for someone. That coupled with “no good deed goes unpunished” can only lead to headaches for users and Apple alike. The solution as with all other Apple goofs, is to communicate changes well in advance, and to ship changes only when thoroughly tested and with a “kill switch” for things like this that might go awry for some users— or at least to deflect grumpy irrational users.”

About Lloyd Chambers

Lloyd’s eponymous diglloyd.com website publishes a popular blog and a wide variety of articles and guides geared towards professional and advanced photographers. Lloyd’s print articles may be found in Photo Technique magazine.  He also runs Macintosh Performance Guide, which he gives the most sage advice on selecting and configuring a Mac, especially for photographers.

Asides from being a photographer and a computer expert, Lloyd is also an avid cyclist.

Steve Hildreth, MacPrices

“Apple has stated that their intention was to allow iPhones to operate as close to normal as possible with a depleted battery, with minimal shutdowns and freezes. This makes sense from an engineering standpoint, especially if the speed of an iPhone relies partially on battery power. Unfortunately, in this case, it appears that their engineering sense backfired from a marketing standpoint. Giving users the option of manually changing this setting is a good solution.”

About Steve Hildreth

Steve Hildreth is a publisher, webmaster, & editor-in-chief of MacPrices.net. Steve is a registered Apple Developer Connection Member and has been writing for MacPrices since 1998.

Jim Martin, Tech Advisor

“There’s empirical evidence that iPhones become slower as they get older. Whether that’s done by actual throttling of performance to maintain battery life or because the older hardware simply cannot cope with the demands of the new software, iPhones running the latest version of iOS can be less responsive than when they were new. Unfortunately owners largely have no choice but to update to the latest software as Apple regularly ends support for features and apps on older versions of iOS. Some people therefore feel they’re being forced into upgrading to newer hardware.”

About Jim Martin

Jim is editor of Tech Advisor and has been testing and reviewing products for almost 20 years. These days he covers smart home, drones, laptops, tablets, gadgets, Windows, iOS, dash cams and storage. Jim is also a petrolhead and connoisseur of fine beers.

Oliver Drobnik, Cocoanetics

“Apple was having the problem that iPhones with older batteries shut down under load, while the battery gauge showed that it was still 30% or more charged. I was hit by this myself multiple times listening to podcasts (over cellular), on bluetooth headphones while it relatively cold outside.

So Apple decided to throttle devices meeting certain conditions to avoid this unfortunate shutdown. Apple solved the issue as they always do: They gather a lot of data, “captured” iPhones that were being sent in by people like me to have an AppleCare exchange for this reason, and then they devised a technical solution that would limit the number of shutdowns.

What they didn’t do is to properly communicate their conclusions and decided upon solution, maybe hoping that most people would move on to newer phones and thus the problem going away by itself. When somebody noticed that their iPhone suddenly performed like new, after having gotten a new battery, the whole story came to light.

Since we cannot do anything about Lithium-ion batteries having a limited life span and Apple decided to not have user-replaceable batteries, there need to be several things happening.

First, users need to be made aware right from the start that they can only charge their new iPhone a limited number of times.

Second, when batteries have reached the end of their useful life the user should be asked whether they want to continue to use it at degraded performance, get an inexpensive replacement battery or get a discount for trading in their phones (so that the battery can be recycled)

Apple seems to be doing all of this now. My opinion is that it should not have needed such a media uproar for them to being proactive in that regard. By waiting until “somebody complained“ the damage is now done that people tend to think Apple was doing it intentionally, to avoid service costs (from people calling AppleCare and getting devices replaced) and to leave this thorn in peoples side that might cause them to upgrade to new devices sooner.”

About Oliver Drobnik

Oliver Drobnik has been developing on Apple platforms since the first SDK was released at 2008. At the end of 2009 he turned full time developer and started his blog Cocoanetics.com. Besides doing mostly contract work for several international clients, he wrote Barcodes with iOS published by Manning. He loves to share his love for Swift by speaking at conferences. At the moment he is kept very busy by his growing family and building his first house.

Anthony Caruana, Macworld Australia

“The real question isn’t whether they did. The question to ask is whether they were right to do so without letting customers know. When we think about performance, there are several dimensions. Processor speed is just one metric. There’s also network speed, how quickly data can be read and written to storage,and the performance of the display and battery life. All of those things are balanced and traded off against each other. qSo, what we really need consider is whether slower overall system performance is a price with paying for longer battery life and if Apple was acting reasonably to their customers in slowing devices with older batteries down in order to preserve the experience of longer battery life. In my view, the decision should have been left to users  – which is what Apple will be doing with a forthcoming update to iOS.”

About Anthony Caruana

Anthony is an editor at Australian Macworld, but he has also contributed to many other publications. He appears on radio regularly but he has also appeared on A Current Affair, Today Tonight, The Project, The Business and other national TV shows.

Dan Moren, Six Colors

“Apple has acknowledged that its system which aims to preserve battery life can have an adverse performance impact on affected devices. Even though its intent—to prevent devices from shutting down suddenly under heavy load—was good, the company should have been more transparent about what it was doing in the first place.”

About Dan Moren

Dan Moren is a freelance technology journalist, prolific podcaster, and author of the sci-fi novel, “The Caledonian Gambit”. He’s been covering Apple for more than a decade and formerly served as a senior editor at Macworld.

Ric Molina, Mac Gamer HQ

“As much as I like conspiracy theories, especially those where “the man” wants to take advantage of us, I don’t think Apple did this in bad faith. Perhaps slowing down a phone could convince a few buyers to get a new iPhone, but I’d like to believe Apple has enough cash, earnings, and profits to not even imagine using shady tactics like that. But to answer your question, I do think they deliberately slowed down performance on some of the older iPhones. However, I believe they did it for the reasons they publicly explained: to prevent malfunction and devices unexpectedly shutting down. Their explanation makes complete sense. As battery life declines, performance declines too, and the only thing Apple can do to prevent embarrassing malfunctions is to throttle the few devices they have identified as critical in that regard. They should learn from this though, and try to be a little more transparent for a change.”

About Ric Molina

Ric Molina is a regular guy in his early thirties who decided to get his first Mac a few years ago. Like many, he grew up playing video games and was bummed to hear it would be difficult on a Mac. Ric realized it was a pain to find good Mac games not because they were rare, but because no one ever talked about them. Thus, he created Mac Gamer HQ in October 2012. Ric has been covering Mac gaming for the last 6 years and his work has been recognized and featured by some of the biggest tech outlets in the world, such as TechCrunch, Apple Insider, The Loop, Mac Rumors, iMore, Cult of Mac, 9to5Mac and more.

Apple is one of the leading giants in technology industry, so any news about the company will spread like a bushfire. Before 2017 ended, news about deliberate slowing down of older iPhone models’ performance broke, inviting media coverage and a lot of speculations and even misinformation. If you are an iPhone user yourself who owns an older iPhone model (6, 6s, 6s Plus), you may have experienced a difference. You may have noticed how some of the apps on your phones take longer to load. The speaker volume is considerably less loud than it was originally.

There are lower frame rates when you scroll down, accompanied by gradual frame rate reductions in some applications. Background refresh of some apps might also require reloading once you launch.

It can be frustrating and worrying. Why is it happening? Do you need a new phone? Should you upgrade to the newer models?

It is not a surprise when the bulk of the blame falls on Apple itself. Conspiracy theories abound. Unfounded claims and accusations also surfaced. In fact, Apple’s admission of slowing down older iPhones’ performance resulted in at least eight separate class-action lawsuits filed in the US.

Apple even apologized. Many came to the conclusion that the tech giant deliberately did it in order to encourage users to upgrade to the newer models of iPhone.

But is it all there is to it? Did Apple do it on purpose, and was it for the reason many insisted?

It pays to sift through the misinformation before jumping to conclusions. Read this infographic to know about why your iPhone is slowing down and what you can do about it.

If you’re at all like me, you probably have a bunch of old flash drives lying around – stuffed into junk drawers, hidden in a purse, stashed away in the car, spread throughout kids’ schoolbags… sound familiar?

If this is the case, read on for some interesting tips for how to get some more use out of them.

Of course, all of the usual uses for flash drives apply – they’re great for easily transferring data between computers, temporary backup locations, sending secure electronic documents via post, storing the kids’ homework, etc. – but chances are you already know about those (those uses are why we end up with so many of these devices in the first place!). In this article, we want to show you some more interesting uses of which you might not be aware.

Join a Bunch of Flash Drives Together as a RAID0 Array

The basic idea is this: join a bunch of flash drives together to make one large volume which, due to the system being able to split data across the multiple drives, will have much faster read and write speeds than any individual flash drive. If you have ever used an external RAID storage device, the idea is the same.

To set up a RAID0 system using flash drives, it’s best if you have a powered USB hub – something like the Anker 10 Port Hub would suit. Once you have the hub, connect your flash drives it.

Once they’re all connected, you can use Apple’s RAID Assistant software (built into all recent versions of macOS) – or 3^rd party software like SoftRAID or SoftRAID Lite – select all the flash drives that show up, and create a ‘Striped (RAID 0)’ volume.

(Apple’s RAID Assistant, built into macOS)

As a note on storage size, a RAID setup will treat all of the connected flash drives as if they have the capacity of the smallest drive – if you have one 16GB drive and three 128GB drives, the RAID array will treat all the drives like they are 16GB drives (the size of the smallest single drive), giving you a total of 64GB for the entire RAID0 volume, even though the sum of all the drives is much greater.

Once you have done all of that, you will have a RAID0 array striped across the various flash drives.

Some things to note:

• Because data is striped across all of the drives, read and write speeds will be faster than any individual drive – this can be useful if you are using this setup as a scratch editing drive for video, for example.
• The faster the speeds of the individual flash drives, the faster the overall array will be – speeds of USB3 flash drives vary widely with the fastest drives being around 200 MB/s, and ‘normal’ drives seeing around 25 MB/s write, and less than 100MB/S read.
• The more flash drives you use, the faster the overall array will be – because the data is striped, the more parallel reads or writes you can do at once (ie. the more drives connected), the faster it will be.
• All of the included flash drives will need to be present for the data on the volume to be readable. This adds a level of security to anything on the disk – if one of the drives isn’t present, the data is inaccessible. If you want a way to store sensitive data, or if you’re a spy, this might be useful.
• On the flipside of the above point, if you lose any one of the flash drives, or if one of them fails, you will lose all the data on the volume. If this could cause a problem – especially if you’re using it for video or audio production – be sure to have backups!

Using a Flash Drive as a Two-Factor Key

If you have ever been sent a text message by your bank, or some other service, to confirm that you are really you, you have used two-factor authentication.

While more secure than just a password alone, SMS messages sent to your phone are relatively easily spoofed (faked), and not a particularly secure form of two-factor authentication. A more secure form is one that relies on your having a physical device in your possession – this sort of thing can be achieved via an app on your smartphone or – surprise – by using an old flash drive.

The easiest way to do this is using a 3^rd party app, like RohOS to convert your ordinary flash drive into a hardware token as part of a two factor system.

In short, once set up, as well as knowing your password, you will also need the flash drive present to prove that you are you – this could be set up for your internet banking login, Google account, etc. Rather than needing your phone to receive an insecure text message, you would need the physical drive – this is a lot more secure, as it can’t be electronically spoofed by someone without the drive!

The intimate details explaining how to create two-factor keys for your Mac are a bit more complicated than can be explained here – if you’re interested, I recommend checking out the documentation at RohOS.

Use a Flash Drive as a Portable, Bootable macOS System Disk

If you have any flash drives around that are at least 16GB in size (although more is more, despite the saying) you could set up one as portable version of a Mac. Then, you could plug the flash drive into a Mac, start up holding down the ‘option’ key to boot from the flash drive, and instantly be accessing your own installation of macOS running on the flash drive, perhaps with some essential apps installed.

Some good apps for this use are:

• Could storage apps, like DropBox, or Google Drive – to give you an easy way to get your files onto the system
• 1Password – to give you access to all your passwords
• Disk utilities, like DiskWarrior, DiskDrill, or similar – for troubleshooting failed drives
• Backup utilities, like Carbon Copy Cloner, or SuperDuper! – for cloning drives
• System utilities, like Onyx, or TinkerTool
• A copy of the macOS installer – for restoring the Mac to new
• Word processing or other office apps

Once you have the flash drive connected and formatted, getting a system like this set up is fairly simple.

First, download a copy of the macOS installer from the macOS store and run it. When you get to the installation location screen, choose your flash drive, rather than Macintosh HD.

(Install a version of macOS onto your flash drive directly from the macOS Installer)

Once the installation is complete, you will be able to boot from the flash drive. Then, you can set it up however you like, with whatever apps you need – be aware that all of the Apple apps (Safari, Mail, etc.) will already be installed, so space might be a bit tight. You could always use some of the tips in our National Clean Out Your Computer Day post to help find some files you can get rid of. Having this bootable flash drive can be invaluable for troubleshooting if anything ever goes wrong with your Mac – a great use of a spare flash drive!

Use a Spare Flash Drive to Create a macOS Recovery Partition

This tip is similar to the above, but more suited to flash drives, as it doesn’t need as much space. The result will be a portable copy of the macOS Recovery Partition in your pocket which you can use to reinstall macOS on a computer, utilise Disk Utility, get back data from a Time Machine backup, access Terminal, and even get onto Safari on a completely dead Mac.

To set this up, first use Disk Utility to make a new partition on your flash drive – ideally about 1GB, with the format settings: Mac OS Extended (Journaled); and, GUID partition scheme.

Once that’s done, you will need to copy the Recovery Partition from your Mac to the flash drive.

If you’re using an earlier version of macOS (El Capitan or earlier), you will need to get Apple’s Recovery Disk Assistant.

If you’re using Sierra or later, you’ll need a cloning utility like Carbon Copy Cloner (CCC) – I recommend this app, because they even have specific instructions to help you through the process. If you’re using CCC 4, use these instructions. If you’re using CCC 5, the instructions are here.

(Carbon Copy Cloner – a tool for cloning your Recovery Partition to a flash drive)

Create a Portable Linux Boot Disk

The last suggestion here is another variation on a theme – you can create your own portable computer running a version of Linux, like Ubuntu, which allows you to be up and running  pretty much anywhere. Ubuntu is a good one to try, because it will run natively on your Mac, without any mucking around.

(Completely change your Mac, and try something new, by running Ubuntu Linux from a flash drive)

Hopefully the idea is interesting enough to you that you will be willing to read further on it – the steps are a bit too involved to go into here. Fortunately, the instructions are well laid out in the Ubuntu documentation – you can find them here: Create a Bootable USB Stick on macOS.

We hope you found something useful that you can do with your spare flash drives – more useful than having them sit in a drawer, anyway. Have any other ideas that we missed? Let us know!

I could take or leave Valentine’s day (given the choice, I’d opt for ‘leave’). Fortunately, there’s another, nerdier occasion to celebrate in early February – National Clean Out Your Computer Day.

This year, the auspicious event falls on Monday, February 12^th. Even if you like Valentine’s day, the space in between the two dates should give you enough time to recuperate, and enjoy both. How lucky!

The idea behind National Clean Out Your Computer Day is to remind us to dedicate some time, once a year, to organising and cleaning up the files and data on our computers. Initially proposed and sponsored in 2000 by the Institute for Business Technology, we have grown fond of the extra ‘holiday’, and the reminder to get our bits in order. In this article, we’ll share some tips to help you deal with the lowest hanging fruit.

Before we begin, we recommend making sure all of your data is BACKED UP. That is, make sure you have a completely redundant copy of all your files. We should all have this set up as a matter of good practice, but sometimes we need an occasion like Clean Out Your Computer Day to actually get it set up. If you don’t currently have any backups, stop now and set them up – you can use Apple’s built-in Time Machine software, something like Carbon Copy Cloner to make a clone of your entire hard drive, or a service like BackBlaze to keep a constantly-updated offsite copy of all your files backed up to the cloud (or, preferably, all three).

With that done, let’s look at some quick ways to clean up your Mac, and get back some space.

Desktop Folder

For many of us, the ‘Desktop’ folder on our Mac is a magnet for junk – it’s right there, easy to find, and easy to manage (up to a point). As a result, we can end up with piles of files scattered all over the place. Unfortunately, having a lot of files on your desktop can actually result in your Mac taking longer to start up, so we think you’ll agree it’s a good place to start cleaning.

The first step I take is to ruthlessly delete anything I no longer need – web pages relating to DIY projects I’m never actually going to do, screenshots from years ago when I was trying to explain something to a friend over email, ‘entertaining’ attachments from emails that have long since exhausted all their value – being brutal, using the Space Bar to preview selected files with Quick Look, and using the cmd + delete keyboard shortcut to send files to the Trash helps.

If there are files that you still need – perhaps you really are going to finish that DIY project – the easiest, laziest way to deal with them is to name them well (with any and all information you might need to find them again later), make a folder named ‘Desktop from #DATE#’ with today’s date, dump all those miscellaneous files from your Desktop in there, and dump the new folder into your Documents folder. This gets those files off the desktop, and you should be able to find anything that you need in future via Spotlight search – it’s the equivalent of stuffing a bunch of stuff into a drawer, if your drawer can hold a huge amount of things and is searchable…

If you are someone who likes having things more organised, you can really do as much filing as you want – you could make subfolders relating to projects, dates, etc. – but I’m trying to make this as easy as possible. Easy means more likely to get done!

Since most of these files will probably be small in size, and since the search on Mac has gotten so good, you should be able to find anything you need later and the overall collection won’t have too big an impact on the space available on your Mac (especially after you’ve completed the initial step of deleting un-needed files). Any files that are large enough to be significant, we’ll deal with later.

Final Note – don’t forget to empty your Trash! You can do this via the Finder menu, or by pressing shift + cmd + delete. Your space isn’t actually recovered until you delete the files from the Trash, so you will need to do this to see results.

Duplicate Files and System Files

Another couple of pieces of low-hanging fruit, we can clean up these problems with the help of some specific applications.

For duplicate files, we recommend Gemini2 – it’s a smart, dedicated app for detecting and dealing with duplicate files on your Mac. It’s free to try it out, so I recommend downloading it and seeing what it finds.

For cleaning up your System and cache files, we recommend Onyx – it is a long running, donation-supported application that can clear up a bunch of space with just a couple of button clicks.

Both of these apps do the heavy lifting for you, and will almost certainly give you back some more space, as well as cleaning out some things in the background that you didn’t even know were there – it’s like having a robot vacuum under your bed.

Dealing With the Big Stuff

After taking care of the low hanging fruit, the next most effective way to clean up a bunch of space on your Mac is to use an application to find out where all your storage space is being used, then see if there are any big files that you can get rid of.

To analyse where space is being used on your drive, we recommend DaisyDisk – it’s pretty, free to try, and easy to use.

You have to be a bit careful when deleting files, but since you have good backups in place (you do, don’t you?), you can probably clean up quite a bit of space – chances are there’s at least one video file somewhere that you no longer need but which is taking up a bunch of space.

Also, if you use a cloud service like DropBox, you can actually choose what gets synced to your computer – if you have files in your DropBox that you don’t need locally, turn syncing off for those files so they aren’t taking up your disk space!

And that’s it for now – National Clean Out Your Computer Day might be over, but even by just following those few steps above, you should have some more space on your computer, and perhaps will be slightly less anxious about how your Mac looks when it starts up…

To finish, doing this once a year is a good start but, if you found this process helpful, there’s nothing stopping you setting a reminder to run through these steps once every month or so.

Let us know how you go, or if you have any other tips to share – you can always add to this list!

Since 1984, from the first Mac computers coming off the assembly line, keyboard shortcuts have existed to simplify certain actions. While the most revolutionary aspect of the Mac was its doing-away with the text-only interface, we still have keyboard shortcuts in the operating system – sometimes they’re just quicker than using a mouse.

Command-A, which is used for selecting all the text in an area, Command-C which is used to copy selected text, and Command-V, for pasting copied text, are a few examples of some shortcuts with which you’re probably already familiar. Additionally, there are certain keyboard shortcuts that only work with certain apps. This post will shed light on some important key combinations that you can use to save time while working, and you’ll also get a little history lesson in the process.

Before we go any further, let’s take a trip back to the foundation of macOS. Mac products today can trace their operating system to NeXTStep, the operating system used on the NeXT workstations from the second computer company created by (Apple founder) Steve Jobs. NeXTStep originated from Unix (so did Mac OSX, now macOS), an operating system that was first introduced by the researchers at Bell Labs in the 1970s.

Around that time, in 1976, two developers created a text editor known as EMACS – Editor MACroS for TECO. Despite its age, certain commands from the EMACS editor are still functional on the Mac today – in dialogue boxes, Safari address bars, TextEdit windows, and several other MacOS apps.

Some of those shortcuts include:

♣          Control-a: Position your cursor at the beginning of the line

♣          Control-b: Same thing as the arrow to the left

♣          Control-d: Deletes letters to the cursor’s right

♣          Control-e: Position the cursor at the last part of a line

♣          Control-f: Same thing with the right arrow

♣          Control-h: Same thing as clicking on delete

♣          Control-k: Delete the characters on the right side of the cursor

♣          Control-n: Same thing as the arrow pointing down

♣          Control-o: Works like the return key, but the cursor remains in the same place

♣          Control-p: Same thing as the arrow pointing up

♣          Control-v: Transports the cursor towards the end of a line or document

The great thing about these ancient EMACS shortcuts is that most of them also work with iOS when you use an external keyboard! Of course, this is because iOS has OS X – that is, UNIX – heritage.

To wrap up, here are some other keyboard shortcuts that can also take advantage of your keyboard’s arrows and are especially useful for moving around:

♣          alt/option + up arrow: Proceed to the opening of a paragraph (the preceding line break)

♣          alt/option + down arrow: Proceed to where the paragraph ended (the subsequent line break)

♣          alt/option + right arrow: Proceed to the last part of the word, then to the last part of the subsequent word, and continue like that

♣          alt/option + left arrow: Proceed to where the word starts from, then move left towards the beginning of the subsequent word, and continue

♣          Command + left arrow: Proceed to the start of the current line or the character farthest to the left on that line

♣          Command + right arrow: Proceed to the last part of the current line or to the character farthest to the right on that line

♣          Command + up arrow: Proceed to the beginning part of the document

♣          Command + down arrow: Proceed to the last part of the document

We find both both Command-Down and Command-Up are super useful in Safari, because these shortcuts take you straight to the top or bottom of the web page you’re viewing.

If you have a preferred keyboard shortcut that wasn’t listed here, let us know in the comments!

Despite my long history as a Mac user, I recently had an embarrassing encounter with a TouchBar MacBook Pro – the machine had frozen, and I wanted to do a force restart. While this should have been completely simple, I couldn’t work it out!

Eventually, I managed to sort it out, but thought it would be wise to share it with you, in case you end up in the same situation.

The freeze happened when upgrading the MacBook Pro to one of the macOS High Sierra betas. I went through the installation as per usual, but the MacBook Pro ended up stuck in a loop of rebooting, before showing the login screen. I shrugged, entered my login details, and everything seemed OK.

Not long after, I noticed the screen of the MacBook Pro was stuck on a loading bar. I gave it some time, but after waiting for almost 30 minutes, I got impatient and thought I’d better force reboot and try again.

All previous Macs that I’ve used in recent years have had a simple way to perform a force reboot—all you needed to do was hold down the power button and the laptop would force shut down. Since the power button had a similar function on older Mac versions (i.e. shutting down and turning on the machine), I started looking around for the MacBook Pro’s power button…

(The MacBook Pro’s (near) invisible Touch Bar power button.)

Can you see it? It wasn’t visible to me! Even after using this MacBook Pro for months, I had never bothered with the power button – the computer would wake from sleep whenever it was opened, and would quietly go back to sleep when closed. Thinking about it now, it must have been turned on at some point, but I had just forgotten about it!

The key, quite literally, is to look at the Touch Bar’s right end, where the Touch ID button is located – this Touch ID sensor is actually the power button as well. This was obvious once you know, but I had never noticed due to just thinking of it as the login key, using Touch ID.

In the end, all that was required to force reboot a MacBook Pro was to push and hold down this Touch ID button.

I think this is a clear example of where the simplistic design of Apple might have accidentally made something more confusing intially (as a suggestion, perhaps they could have added a power symbol somewhere on, or near, the Touch ID button?). The only documented hint that suggests that the Touch ID button is doubling as the power button is hidden within a support document about accessibility features of the Touch Bar.

We might just be stupid, but hopefully sharing this will help someone else avoid the trouble we had!

Do you share our shame at not knowing which button on our Mac was the power button, or maybe have run into something similar? Help us out, let us know what simple problems you’ve been stumped by!

Outlined in this article are some of the most important new features of iOS 11 in case you need some motivation to upgrade. These are just some of the features, but we think they’ll make clear just how big an update iOS 11 is – especially for the iPad.

• The Files App

(The Files App: iOS 11’s “Finder”.)

One of the most noticeable things in beta testing OS 11 was the Files app – it’s basically bringing the macOS Finder to iOS, and finally giving you full control over your files. Once you have added all your cloud services such as Box, iCloud Drive, Adobe Creative Cloud and Dropbox, you can use the Files app to search through browse all your files, on all of these. This new control over your files is available from within other iOS apps, shared between your other iOS devices, and on your local device, all thanks to the Files app.

• QuickType Keyboard

(QuickType Keyboard.)

In an attempt to make typing on your iOS device much faster, especially for iPads, this new keyboard (see screenshot above) displays numbers, letters, and symbols at the same time as the alphabet. For example, rather than switching to the ‘numbers and symbols’ keyboard, in iOS 11 you can type the “&” symbol by simply flicking down on the “F” key – you can see above that this key also displays a grey “&”.

This feature might seem strange, or take a little bit of time to get used to, but it makes typing on the iPad pro much faster when using the built-in software keyboard.

• The Dock

 This is a feature of the big iPads, not so much the phones. If you have used a Mac before, then you’re probably familiar with the idea of the Dock. It’s basically a shelf for your most used, and most recently used, apps that fades away when you are using an app, but can be brought right up by swiping from the bottom of the screen. It helps you to switch easily between apps and also makes opening new apps quicker. You can drag whatever apps you want onto its left hand side, and your most recently used apps are displayed on the right hand side for easy access.

• Multitasking

 (It’s also possible to place Slide Over items on the screen’s left side.)

Have you ever opened an app on your iPad and wanted to have another available at the same time? This feature was introduced earlier in iOS via Split View and Slide Over, but it has been made even better in iOS 11.

Now, to add a second app to your screen, you can bring up the dock, tap and hold on the app you want to add, then drag it to the side of the screen that you want it to go (refer to the image above).

That’s it! Two apps side by side.

• The Reformulated Control Center and App Switcher

(The new App Switcher (to the left) and the new Control Center (to the right) with the Dock at the bottom.)

In addition to bringing up the Dock, the gesture described earlier will also display the new Control Center and App Switcher (see image above). New to iOS 11 is the ability to choose which widgets show up in Control Center, and the App Switcher displays thumbnails of your most recently used apps, and their current state.

• Drag and Drop

Drag and drop is a feature that has been on the Mac since day one, and is now finally integrated into iOS. To clarify, ‘Drag and Drop’ is when you select one or more items, with one or more fingers, then drag them to a different part of the screen, or different app, before releasing, to move things around. This is a huge change, as it means you can pick something up from one app, and drop it into another app, simply and easily. As you might be able to imagine, it really shines when using Split View on your iPad – you can pick up a photo from an email, and drop it straight into a message, all without moving between screens.

• Text Recognition and Document Scanner in Notes

(iOS 11’s new document scanning function in Notes.)

This one might be hidden away, but is amazing! The Notes app has received a lot of good updates over the years, but this one takes it to the next level (refer to screenshot above). Basically, the Notes app will now recognize text that you ‘scan’ using your device’s camera, and even handwritten notes, and will convert that text so it can be searched. If you’re someone who has ever wanted to scribble a note on a piece of paper, take a photo of it, and be able to find it again later by searching for whatever it was you wrote down, the Notes app can now do that.

Instant Markup with an Apple Pencil

Like many of the features mentioned here, this one is most useful on the iPad Pro. The first part of the feature means that when you take a screen shot in iOS 11, it will appear on left side of the screen of your iOS device for some time. This is an improvement over how it used to work – new screen shots would be hidden away in your camera roll, and you’d have to do some digging to find them. In addition to this little change, you can now also pick up your Apple Pencil and start marking up the screenshot right then, as soon as you take it, from the screen shot itself – no other apps required.

Even when you don’t have an Apple Pencil, this new ability can still be super useful. If you’ve ever wanted to quickly, visually express something on your iOS device to someone – maybe helping a friend find a button, or showing a family member how to use an app – you can now take a screenshot, tap on it to edit it, crop it, and, if need be, add callouts, and send it on, all from the popup. The icing on the cake is that, once you have sent the screenshot, you can choose to save it to your device, or you can just discard it. This should help those of us with a photos album full of old, often-accidental, screenshots on our phone!

• Other Amazing Features
  • While not yet much of a thing here in Australia, it will soon be possible for people to send money to someone using Apple Pay on your iOS device. This is an interesting feature, which should make splitting bills, or paying back friends much easier.
  • New filters have been added to the camera, and your device will now save photos in the brand new HEVC and HEIF formats, which allow you to have the same amount of high-quality photos and videos, in a lot less storage space.
  • Siri now performs translations (English to Spanish, Mandarin, German, Italian or French).
  • The iOS 11 App Store has been updated, making it much easier to discover new apps, and giving developers more options for providing good descriptions of their apps.

These are just some of the big things that we like about iOS 11, but the best way for you to check it out is to upgrade your device! Try it out, and let us know what you think.

MacOS High Sierra has been out for a while – your Mac has probably been bugging you to upgrade – and it also went through a long public beta process. Fortunately for us, this means that there are relatively few bugs to worry about. That said, we so want to caution against assuming that upgrading your computer’s OS to High Sierra is necessarily a simple and straightforward experience. While testing the Beta, and running our own upgrades, we ran into some issues…

Luckily for you, there’s no need for you to go through the same experience we did, so we felt it would be helpful to share some useful tips as to some things you should do before upgrading your computer to macOS High Sierra, or really, any new version of MacOS.

1. Have a Bootable Backup Available
   We cannot overemphasise the need to always have and keep up-to-date backups – in addition to ensuring you don’t lose your files in the case of some sort of catastrophic computer failure, a bootable backup is always a good thing to have, especially given that there will be a big upgrade to a new version of macOS once a year. These are enough reason to ensure your backups are constantly up to date. As an aside, or consolation, for those of you without a bootable backup, there is a bootable section included in your Mac’s recovery partition if you ever get into real strife – you don’t need to worry about this, as your Mac just takes care of it for you, but it’s good to know it’s there if you ever need it.

If, for any reason you encounter problems with your High Sierra upgrade, you might get to the point where the only option left for you is to boot your device from your backup drive in recovery mode, clean your Mac’s boot drive, and then install a fresh version of macOS Sierra or macOS High Sierra onto your Mac’s boot drive.

Some very good backup utilities used in getting your bootable backups good to go include SuperDuper! by Shirt Pocket Software, and Carbon Copy Cloner from Bombich Software. These utilities are worth having, and we highly recommend them. Carbon Copy Cloner has just been upgraded to its new version 5 which provides a new user interface with faster operation – this is also the only backup utility that can help to back up the recovery partition. (See image below)

(Carbon Copy Cloner Version 5’s new user interface.)

2) Make sure macOS 10.12 Sierra Is Up-To-Date
Generally, we would assume you have been regularly updating your Mac each time a new update is made available. If you haven’t, this would be a good time to click on the Mac App Store icon in your dock, hit the update tab and check if you have any updates ready to install. The most recent version, as of writing this at the end of 2017, is 10.12.6. You can confirm the version number of your OS by selecting about this mac from the Apple menu (see image below)

(About This Mac shows that this iMac is running 10.12.6.)

3) Update Your Mac Apps

We should also stress the importance of ensuring your Mac apps are up-to-date. A lot of developers make use of the time between Apple’s World Wide Developer’s Conference in June and the release of a new version of macOS sometime in September or October, to make sure their device is completely compatible with the new version of the OS.

We know it is a lot more difficult to keep your Mac apps updated than it is your iPhone apps, as result of the fact that not all the apps on your Mac devices were purchased from the Mac App Store – some were purchased directly from the developer’s or a vendor’s websites. Most applications have a built-in way of checking for updates. For example, the popular TextExpander app has a ‘check for update’ item under the TextExpander menu, while some other apps automatically check for updates anytime you start your computer, or the app. Further, there are some apps like Google Chrome that do not check for updates, but rather just update the app automatically anytime an update is available, without you needing to worry about it. If there are any third-party apps that you rely on, it’s worth checking out their websites to see if the developer has released an update to make it compatible with macOS High Sierra, or if there are any known issues.

4) Disable Login/Startup Items before the Upgrade

We usually have apps that we use frequently, as a result we enable them to start up automatically any time we start up/login to our Macs. This is can pose a problem.

When we updated our machines to macOS High Sierra, the computer prompted us to upgrade, we agreed, and the installation process ran fairly well. The only thing that made us suspect something was awry were some pauses that made us wonder if everything was OK. We let the installer do its thing, and were finally able to restart, and login.

It was at this point that things started messing up. We could see our startup items popping up on the display, but after a while two worrying things happened: the screen was obscured by a dark translucency, and we could not make use of the keyboard or mouse.

We then realised this was as a result of a screenshot utility that had installed. The developers of that app have not been updating it consistently, and it was clear that something was happening during login that would start the app in a “full-screenshot mode”, this meant that it greyed out the display, and locked out the keyboard and mouse. Luckily, there is a way to prevent something similar from happening to you.

Some apps have the inbuilt option of starting up at login while others can be found under System Preferences > Users & Groups > Login Items. It is always good to take note of the apps that load automatically during login, and disable them from doing so before doing an upgrade, while leaving those added by Apple. Once you are done with the upgrade you can start adding them back from your notes. This could have saved us some panic!

5) Consider Waiting A Little While before installing macOS High Sierra

One last thing, unless you have a very urgent need to install macOS High Sierra – or any new version of macOS – immediately as it is made available, I would suggest you consider waiting a while, at least for a few days, before you install the update.

Apple usually tests its operating systems thoroughly with both developers and public beta testers, but once in a while an upgrade may sneak through that causes some significant issues for quite a number of users. You’re probably safe by now to install if you want to – just make sure you follow the steps above!

So think carefully before you carry out an upgrade. It is advisable you wait a day or two to check if others are having issues before you go ahead and try it out. If it seems like only a handful of people are having after a few days, then it should be pretty safe to upgrade your Mac.

Have you got any upgrade horror stories, or tips to avoid them? Let us know!

Other World Computing announced today the availability of new Aura Pro X SSDs, integrating the latest NVME and 3D MLC for exceptional power efficiencies while delivering superior data performance of up to 1600MB/s. The Aura family of drives has always been there as the best way to upgrade flash equipped Macs with storage space to spare. Now, with up to 2.3X faster performance, up to 16x the capacity, and with improved power efficiency for longer battery life, the new Aura Pro X line of SSDs takes everything to a brand new level.

Innovative, Dependable, and Designed for Mac first
As with all OWC SSDs, the Aura Pro X supports and enables all of the advanced features of APFS and Apple’s latest MacOS 10.13 ‘High Sierra’ including strong encryption, copy-on-write metadata, space sharing, cloning for files and directories, snapshots, fast directory sizing, atomic safe-save primitives, and improved file system fundamentals.

Aura Pro X SSDs will begin with immediate availability in capacities of 240GB to 1.0TB. Deliveries of the 2.0TB capacity version are expected in mid-November/Q4 2017.

Availability and Pricing
The Aura Pro X1 line debut includes:

• 240GB OWCS3DAPB4MB02
• 480GB OWCS3DAPB4MB05
• 1TB OWCS3DAPB4MB10
• 2TB OWCS3DAPB4MB20

The new Aura Pro X SSDs support more than 50 million Macs in the field, including:

• MacBook Air (Mid 2013 – 2017)
• MacBook Pro (Retina, Late 2013 – Mid 2015)
• Mac Pro (Late 2013 to current)

“When we introduced our first Aura SSDs over 7 years ago, they were a groundbreaking first – the first of many firsts for this line up. Meeting the specialized design needs of specific Mac models, an Aura upgrade is the solution that gives users appreciably more space to create and work and extends the life and capabilities of that Mac you already have,” says Larry O’Connor, Founder and CEO of OWC. “Aura SSDs’ sizable capacity and performance provides users a great option to manage and improve efficiency in their workflow, giving them the ability to store and edit vast video, photo and audio libraries, keeping that content secure and intact without the hassle and expense of purchasing a brand new computer. At OWC, we are proud to continue the tradition of helping customers maximize their Macs with our latest, this new line of Aura Pro X SSDs.”

For users who do not want to upgrade to macOS 10.13 High Sierra, the original Aura line of SSDs is still available for purchase.

An easy DIY upgrade
Replacing the PCIe-based flash drive in a Mac can be as simple as removing a few screws. OWC’s free comprehensive video installation guides mean an OWC expert is alongside every step of the way.

Aura SSDs are designed in Austin, TX, and are backed by a 5-year warranty as well as a lifetime of free, award-winning U.S.-based support.